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Video companion · Worlds Gone Wrong

How Earth’s Twin Became Venus

Venus began with Earth-like ingredients and became a world that melts lead.

What you’ll discover

  • Why Venus is hotter than Mercury
  • What the Venera landers survived
  • How a climate can cross a one-way threshold

Deeper dive

Venus: Literal Hell — Why Earth's "Twin" Melts LeadThey call Venus Earth's twin. Same size. Same mass. But Venus melts lead, rains sulfuric acid, and crushed every spacecraft we sent. Here's what went wrong.

Further reading

Chapters

  1. Meet Earth’s false twin
  2. What Venera found
  3. The runaway greenhouse
  4. Why Venus matters